General Robots Will Be Solved by 2028 | Jay Chooi

General-purpose robots may arrive by 2028, shifting robotics economics from AI capability constraints to hardware manufacturing bottlenecks.

• 2028 general-robot call: Jay Chooi says researchers expect general-purpose robots that can do anything a teenager can within 1-4 years, with hardware supply chain (not software) as the bottleneck.
• RoboHarm safety gap: RoboCurve's real-world benchmark found GPT-6 Astra will stab a baby doll but refuses once it's wrapped to look human; Claude models refuse regardless of appearance.

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